How early humans

migrated and mixed

Denisova Cave

RUssia

Homo sapiens are the only humans

left on Earth today, but at one point

we shared the planet with other

species of ancestral humans,

collectively known as hominins.

As climates and ecological

opportunities shifted, hominins

migrated out of Africa,

reconnecting and interbreeding

with the descendants of their

relatives who had made similar

journeys thousands of years before.

Harbin

skull site

Grotte

Mandrin

Asia

France

Baishiya

Karst Cave

Jebel Irhoud

Oldest known

Homo sapiens fossil

~300,000 years ago

Cobra Cave

China

Morocco

TAIWAN

Pacific

ocean

Laos

Africa

Migration waves

Later Homo sapiens

Early Homo sapiens

atlantic

ocean

Homo erectus

Indian

ocean

Australia

500 mi

500 km

Jason Treat, Patricia Healy, Rosemary Wardley, and Eve Conant, NGM Staff.

Chris Stringer, Natural History Museum London; John Hawks, University of Wisconsin;

Laura Shackelford, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Ludovic Slimak, University of

Toulouse III; Michael Petraglia, Griffith University; Frédérik Saltré, University of Technology

Sydney, Natural Earth Data.

How early humans migrated and mixed

Homo sapiens are the only humans left on Earth today, but at one point we shared

the planet with other species of ancestral humans, collectively known as hominins.

As climates and ecological opportunities shifted, hominins migrated out of Africa,

reconnecting and interbreeding with the descendants of their relatives who had

made similar journeys thousands of years before.

Denisova Cave

RUssia

Harbin

skull site

Grotte

Mandrin

Asia

France

Baishiya

Karst Cave

Jebel Irhoud

Oldest known

Homo sapiens fossil

~300,000 years ago

Morocco

Cobra Cave

China

TAIWAN

Pacific

ocean

Laos

Africa

Migration waves

Later Homo sapiens

Early Homo sapiens

atlantic

ocean

Homo erectus

Indian

ocean

Australia

500 mi

500 km

Jason Treat, Patricia Healy, Rosemary Wardley, and Eve Conant, NGM Staff.

Chris Stringer, Natural History Museum London; John Hawks, University of Wisconsin;

Laura Shackelford, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Ludovic Slimak, University of

Toulouse III; Michael Petraglia, Griffith University; Frédérik Saltré, University of

Technology Sydney, Natural Earth Data.

How early humans

migrated and mixed

Homo sapiens are the only humans

left on Earth today, but at one point

we shared the planet with other

species of ancestral humans,

collectively known as hominins.

As climates and ecological

opportunities shifted, hominins

migrated out of Africa, reconnecting

and interbreeding with the

descendants of their relatives

who had made similar journeys

thousands of years before.

Migration waves

Homo Erectus migration outside Africa

~1.8 million years ago

Denisova Cave,

Grotte

Mandrin,

Harbin

skull site,

Russia

Baishiya

Karst Cave,

France

China

Cobra Cave,

China

Laos

Early wave of Homo sapiens out of Africa

~300,000 years ago

Baishiya

Karst Cave,

Jebel Irhoud,

Cobra Cave,

China

Morocco

Laos

Later wave of Homo sapiens out of Africa

~60,000 years ago

Denisova Cave,

Grotte

Mandrin,

Russia

France

Jason Treat, Patricia Healy, Rosemary

Wardley, and Eve Conant, NGM Staff.

Chris Stringer, Natural History Museum

London; John Hawks, University of

Wisconsin; Laura Shackelford, University

of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Ludovic

Slimak, University of Toulouse III; Michael

Petraglia, Griffith University; Frédérik

Saltré, University of Technology

Sydney, Natural Earth Data.