The Mighty Maya

NORTH

AMERICA

Dozens of Maya city-states strove for dominance over two millennia—trading, mingling, and warring until the last of them were conquered by Spain in the 16th century. Today, remote sensing laser technology called lidar is peering through entangled jungle to reveal a fuller picture of how more than 6,000 sites once supported millions of people.

Gulf of Mexico

MAP

AREA

S. AMER.

Cancún

Dzibilchaltún

Izamal

Ek Balam

Mérida

Lidar

survey

track

Lidar survey area, 2009–2019

San

Gervasio

Mayapán

Chichén Itzá

Yaxuná

Cobá

Tree cover

Oxkintok

YUCATAN

PENINSULA

Cozumel

Island

Notable Maya sites by period

Uxmal

Labná

Preclassic (circa 800 B.C.A.D. 250)

Classic (circa 250–900)

Postclassic (circa 900–1540)

CALAKMUL

BIOSPHERE

RESERVE

Campeche

Xtampak

CALAKMUL

BIOSPHERE

RESERVE

Edzná

Other sites

Major sites

50

mi

Chactún

Becán

50

km

Dzibanché

Becán

Chetumal

Calakmul

Comalcalco

Río

Azul

Caribbean

Sea

Calakmul

MAYA

BIOSPHERE

RESERVE

San

Miguel

Villahermosa

BELIZE

Lamanai

El Mirador

MEXICO

MAYA

BIOSPHERE

RESERVE

Palenque

BELIZE

Holmul

Waka'

MEXICO

Belmopan

Tuxtla Gutiérrez

Tikal

Piedras Negras

Yaxchilán

Tuxtla Gutiérrez

Caracol

Bonampak

Chiapa de Corzo

El Ceibal

Altar de Sacrificios

Chinkultic

Machaquilá

GUATEMALA

Cancuén

Lubaantún

Tonalá

San Pedro Sula

GUATEMALA

Lake Izabal

San Pedro Sula

Zaculeu

Quiriguá

Naco

Utatlán

Honduras

Izapa

Copán

Tapachula

Mixco Viejo

Honduras

Pacific

Ocean

Guatemala City

Tegucigalpa

Kaminaljuyú

Takalik

Abaj

Cotzumalhuapa

Tegucigalpa

Balberta

EL SALVADOR

Tazumal

San José

Nueve

Cerros

EL SALVADOR

San

Salvador

Matthew W. Chwastyk and Patricia Healy, NGM Staff

Sources: Tikal Reports, University of Pennsylvania; Walter Witschey and Clifford Brown, Maya-GIS; Francisco Estrada-Belli, Middle American Research Institute, Tulane University; ESA

NICARAGUA

NICARAGUA

The Mighty Maya

Dozens of Maya city-states strove for dominance over two millennia—

trading, mingling, and warring until the last of them were conquered by Spain in the 16th century. Today, remote sensing laser technology called lidar is peering through entangled jungle to reveal a fuller picture of how more than 6,000 sites once supported millions of people.

NORTH

AMERICA

MAP

AREA

S. AMER.

Lidar survey area, 2009–2019

Gulf of

Mexico

Tree cover

Selected Maya site

Cancún

Mérida

Chichén

Itzá

Lidar

survey

track

Cobá

YUCATAN

PENINSULA

Cozumel

Island

Campeche

CALAKMUL

BIOSPHERE

RESERVE

Dzibanché

Calakmul

Caribbean

Sea

El Mirador

Holmul

Tikal

MEXICO

Belmopan

MAYA

BIOSPHERE

RESERVE

BELIZE

MEXICO

GUATEMALA

GUATEMALA

Honduras

Honduras

Guatemala

City

Tegucigalpa

San José

San

Salvador

50

mi

EL SALVADOR

50

km

Pacific Ocean

NICARAGUA

Matthew W. Chwastyk

and Patricia Healy, NGM Staff

Sources: Tikal Reports, University of Pennsylvania; Francisco Estrada-Belli, Middle American Research Institute, Tulane University; ESA